Learn about various levels of politeness
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HungarianPod101.com. This is Upper Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 3 - Care Should Be Taken on the Roads in Hungary! Eric here. |
| Lena: Hello. I'm Lena. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the passive voice in Hungarian. The conversation takes place on TV. |
| Lena: It's between a news reporter and a witness. |
| Eric: The speakers are strangers, so they will use formal Hungarian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Híradó: A helyszínen meghalt az a negyvenöt éves férfi, aki hétfő reggel frontálisan ütközött Budapesten egy autóbusszal. |
| Híradó: A BKK szerint a busz a megállóból hajtott ki amikor egy szabálytalanul előző BMW a busznak ütközött. |
| Híradó: A buszsofőr, Takács Sándor túlélte a balesetet, de több utassal együtt könnyebb sérülésekkel kórházba szállították. |
| Híradó: Az MTI tudósítójának a jármű utasai azt mondták, a BMW lassítás nélkül hajtott át a szemben lévő sávba. |
| Szemtanú: Minden reggel az 5 óra 10-essel megyek dolgozni, ilyenkor még hála istennek nincsenek sokan. |
| Híradó: Két fiatalabb lány arról számolt be, sokan aludtak a korai járaton és kapaszkodni sem tudtak. |
| Híradó: A Pest Megyei Rendőr-főkapitányság szóvivője szerint idén ez már a negyedik buszbaleset a fővárosban. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Reporter: The 45-year old man, who crashed into a bus in Budapest on Monday morning, died immediately after the accident. |
| Reporter: According to the BKK, the bus was leaving the bus stop when a BMW sped up to pass another car, and collided with the bus. |
| Reporter: Sandor Takacs, the bus driver, survived. But, together with other passengers, he was transported to the hospital with minor injuries. |
| Reporter: The passengers on the bus told the MTI's correspondent that the BMW drove into the oncoming lane without braking. |
| Witness: Every morning I go to work at 5.10. Thank God the bus is not crowded at this time. |
| Reporter: Two young girls reported that many people were sleeping on the early bus and could not get hold of the hand straps. |
| Reporter: According to the Pest, County Police Headquarters spokesman, this was the fourth bus accident this year in the capital. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Lena, how often do Hungarian people use expressions related to religion in their daily life? |
| Lena: It's fairly common, actually. But it doesn't necessarily express strong feelings of faith or deep religious values. In fact, in many cases, these expressions are more likely to reflect a sense of dissatisfaction, anger, surprise, or even relief. |
| Eric: I see. It sounds like we have some similar patterns in English. |
| Lena: Right. For example, hála istennek means, "Thank God." And it's used much like it is in English. |
| Eric: So even people who aren't particularly religious might use it? |
| Lena: That's right. As in many European countries, these kinds of expressions became common when society was less secular. And though society has changed, they continue to be used today. |
| Eric: That makes sense. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Lena: helyszín [natural native speed] |
| Eric: location, scene |
| Lena: helyszín [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: helyszín [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: ütközik [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to collide |
| Lena: ütközik [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: ütközik [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: sérülés [natural native speed] |
| Eric: injury |
| Lena: sérülés [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: sérülés [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: túlél [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to survive |
| Lena: túlél [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: túlél [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: tudósító [natural native speed] |
| Eric: correspondent |
| Lena: tudósító [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: tudósító [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: beszámol [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to report |
| Lena: beszámol [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: beszámol [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have |
| Lena: szóvivő [natural native speed] |
| Eric: spokesman |
| Lena: szóvivő [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: szóvivő [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have |
| Lena: Rendőr-főkapitányság [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Police Headquarters |
| Lena: Rendőr-főkapitányság [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: Rendőr-főkapitányság [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: főváros [natural native speed] |
| Eric: capital city |
| Lena: főváros [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: főváros [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Lena: szerint [natural native speed] |
| Eric: according to |
| Lena: szerint [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: szerint [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's take a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Lena: helyszínen meghal |
| Eric: which means “to die immediately” |
| Lena: Helyszínen means “on the location or scene”, and the verb “meghal” means “to die”. You can also use the word helyszínen in other expressions. |
| Eric: For example? |
| Lena: a helyszínen életét vesztette |
| Eric: which also means “to die immediately” or “to be killed immediately.” |
| Lena: a helyszínen elfogták |
| Eric: “to be arrested immediately” |
| Lena: a helyszínen megbírságolták |
| Eric: “to be fined immediately” |
| Lena: a helyszínen ellátták |
| Eric: “to be taken care of immediately” |
| Lena: The expression a helyszínen meghalt is often used in news. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Lena: Sure. For example, you can say.. A férfi a helyszínen életét vesztette. |
| Eric: ..which means “The man died immediately at the scene of the accident.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Lena: túléli a balesetet |
| Eric: which means “to survive an accident” |
| Lena: The transitive verb túlél means “to survive”. You can use túlél in the following phrases ... túléli a vizsgát |
| Eric: “to survive an exam” |
| Lena: túléli a támadást |
| Eric: “to survive an attack” |
| Lena: túléli a krízist |
| Eric: “to survive a crisis” |
| Lena: When you are tired of something, you can say Ezt nem élem túl. |
| Eric: It means “I won't survive this”. You can also combine this verb with the conditional form to say “I wouldn't survive if this happened”. In Hungarian, that would be… |
| Lena: Nem élném túl, ha ez történne |
| Eric: Lena, let's give our listeners a sample sentence. |
| Lena: Sure. Nem élném túl, ha szakítanál velem. |
| Eric: .. which means “I wouldn't survive if you left me!” Okay, what's the last phrase? |
| Lena: a szóvivő szerint |
| Eric: It means “according to the spokesperson” |
| Lena: The noun szóvivő is composed of the noun szó |
| Eric: which means “word” |
| Lena: and the verb visz |
| Eric: which in English is “to carry”. |
| Lena: szóvivő |
| Eric: So, it literally means “a person who carries the word”, in other words - a spokesperson. Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Lena: Here A cég szóvivője azt állította, nem zárják be a gyárat. |
| Eric: “The company's spokesperson said that the factory will not be closed.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the passive voice. |
| Lena: In Hungarian, there are many ways to express passive voice. For example, with the help of the third person plural, intransitive verbs, and also the ‘van or lett plus -va, or -ve’ structure. |
| Eric: In this lesson we will focus only on two of them – the third person plural and intransitive verbs. Listeners, here is a very important rule. In Hungarian, the passive form is used only if the subject of the sentence is unknown or not important at all. For example, in English we say, “The lecture was held by the professor”. “Was held” here is passive voice. However, in Hungarian, this sentence is active and “the professor” becomes the subject. |
| Lena: Right. It would be... Az előadást a professzor tartotta. Literally, “The professor held the lecture.”. |
| Eric: In our dialog we have the sentence… |
| Lena: Könnyebb sérülésekkel kórházba szállították. |
| Eric: which means “He was transported to the hospital with minor injuries.” This is the simplest way of expressing passive voice - to use the third person plural. |
| Lena: Literally this sentence is translated as “They transported him to the hospital”. |
| Eric: The subject becomes the third person plural, so you conjugate the verb according to its plural ending. Listeners, please remember that the third person plural can only be used with transitive verbs. Lena, let's give our listeners some sample sentences with this form of the passive voice. |
| Lena: Sure. Ellopták a táskámat. |
| Eric: “My bag was stolen.” or literally “They stole my bag” |
| Lena: Hétfőn szállítják el a szemetet. |
| Eric: “The garbage will be taken away on Monday.” or literally “They will take away the garbage on Monday.” |
| Lena: Megvették az éttermet. |
| Eric: “The restaurant was bought”. Literally, “They bought the restaurant.” Another way to form passive voice in Hungarian is to use the intransitive verb. |
| Lena: Intransitive verbs can describe an action which would be written in the passive voice in English. |
| Eric: But in Hungarian it’s actually the active voice, right? |
| Lena: Right. So, in Hungarian, intransitive verbs form an active voice, but in English this will be translated as passive voice. |
| Eric: Can you give us some examples of intransitive verbs? |
| Lena: Sure. születik, “to be born” and született, “was born”. |
| Eric: Another pair is… |
| Lena: felépül, “to be built”, and felépült, “was built” |
| Eric: And one more example of an intransitive verb is... |
| Lena: elromlik , “to be broken”, and elromlott, “is broken” |
| Eric: Great! Let’s give some sample sentences! |
| Lena: Ez a ház 30 éve épült. |
| Eric: “This house was built 30 years ago.” |
| Lena: Elromlott a vadiúj számítógépem. |
| Eric: “My brand new computer is broken.” |
| Lena: Telefonon mondták el neki, mi történt. |
| Eric: “She was told about what happened by phone.” |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! |
| Lena: Viszontlátásra |
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