Learn how to use interjections spontaneously
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to HungarianPod101.com. This is Upper Intermediate, Season 1 Lesson 2 - Are You Repeating Yourself in Hungarian? Eric here. |
| Lena: Hello. I'm Lena. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn some very common interjections in Hungarian. The conversation takes place at the office. |
| Lena: It's between Tom and Reka. |
| Eric: The speakers are co-workers, so they will use informal Hungarian. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Tom: Réka, mit is mondtál, hogyan kell új számlát szerkeszteni? |
| Réka: Most magyaráztam el...Kisebb-nagyobb eltéréssel ugyanúgy kell, mint a régieket. |
| Tom: Ne haragudj, nem igazán értettem mindent, elég bonyolult. Elmagyaráznád még egyszer? |
| Réka: Melyik részt nem értetted? |
| Tom: ŐŐ.. Az elejétől? |
| Réka: Hű..Jössz nekem egy kávéval. |
| Tom: Azt is megmutatnád még egyszer, hogy a régi számlák hol vannak? |
| Réka: Jaj ne már...Tamááás... |
| Tom: Fizetem az ebédet! |
| Eric: Okay, now listen to the conversation again with the English translation. |
| Tom: Reka, how did you say I should edit a new invoice? |
| Reka: I just explained it... You do it roughly the same way as the older ones. |
| Tom: I’m sorry. I couldn't get everything. It's quite complicated. Would you explain it again? |
| Reka: Which part did you not understand? |
| Tom: Well, from the beginning? |
| Reka: God, you owe me a coffee. |
| Tom: Could you also show me where can I find the old invoices again? |
| Reka: Oh come on...Tom... |
| Tom: I'll pay for lunch! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Lena, do you think Hungarians are impatient? |
| Lena: Yes, I think so. Hungarians tend to be impatient when it comes to having to explain something twice, or having to do something over from the beginning. |
| Eric: What would they usually say in this situation? |
| Lena: They might say épp most magyaráztam el which means “I just explained it”. You might also hear this phrase pretty often: most takarítottam fel - “I just cleaned up.” |
| Eric: Hmm, that sounds a bit angry. |
| Lena: Maybe. But no matter how angry they might sound, don't take it as an insult, and don't be afraid to ask again if you don't understand! |
| Eric: Good to know! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Lena: szerkeszt [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to edit |
| Lena: szerkeszt [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: szerkeszt [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: elmagyaráz [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to explain |
| Lena: elmagyaráz [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: elmagyaráz [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: ért [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to understand |
| Lena: ért [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: ért [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: rész [natural native speed] |
| Eric: part, episode |
| Lena: rész [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: rész [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: jön valakinek [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to owe someone |
| Lena: jön valakinek [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: jön valakinek [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: eleje [natural native speed] |
| Eric: front (part of something), head of, start |
| Lena: eleje [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: eleje [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have... |
| Lena: megmutat [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to show |
| Lena: megmutat [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: megmutat [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have |
| Lena: még egyszer [natural native speed] |
| Eric: once again |
| Lena: még egyszer [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: még egyszer [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Lena: ne már [natural native speed] |
| Eric: come on |
| Lena: ne már [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: ne már [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Lena: kisebb-nagyobb [natural native speed] |
| Eric: smaller or bigger |
| Lena: kisebb-nagyobb [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Lena: kisebb-nagyobb [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Lena: számlát szerkeszt |
| Eric: which means “to edit an invoice” |
| Lena: The transitive verb szerkeszt means “to edit”. |
| Eric: You can also use other nouns with this verb. |
| Lena: Right. For example...folyóiratot szerkeszt |
| Eric: “to edit a periodical” |
| Lena: szótárt szerkeszt |
| Eric: “to edit a dictionary” |
| Lena: táblázatot szerkeszt |
| Eric: “to edit a table” – in the sense of a chart on a computer |
| Lena: At the end of a movie, you will often hear szerkesztette… followed by a name. |
| Eric: So it is the equivalent of “edited by…so and so” in English. Lena, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Lena: Sure. For example, you can say.. Ezt a folyóiratot az iskola diákjai szerkesztik. |
| Eric: ..which means “This periodical is edited by the students of this school.” Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Lena: jön valakinek egy kávéval |
| Eric: which means “to owe someone a coffee” |
| Lena: The expression jön means “to come”. When followed by a name ending with -nak, -nek and another noun with a -val, or -vel ending, it means “to owe somebody something”. |
| Eric: You can substitute a person's name with personal pronouns such as... |
| Lena: nekem, neked, neki... |
| Eric: to say “owe me,” “owe you,” or “owe him or her” |
| Lena: You can also use other expressions, such as...“jössz nekem eggyel”... |
| Eric:... which means “you owe me one (favor)” |
| Lena: Sokkal jössz nekem! |
| Eric: “You owe me a lot!” |
| Lena: Listeners, note that the phrases that use these expressions are quite informal. |
| Eric: If you want to use more standard or formal language, you can use the verb… |
| Lena: tartozik |
| Eric: And the rules of usage are the same. |
| Lena: Right. But tartozik usually implies a more serious tone. |
| Eric: Okay, what's the last phrase? |
| Lena: kisebb-nagyobb eltérés |
| Eric: which literally means “smaller or bigger deviation”. This expression is used to express how difficult it is to measure the extent of a phenomenon, or in a context where the outcome is not exact. Kind of like the expression “more or less” in English. |
| Lena: You can use kisebb-nagyobb with words like kockázat... |
| Eric: “risk” |
| Lena: növekedés |
| Eric: “increase” |
| Lena: változás |
| Eric: “change” |
| Lena: As in, kisebb-nagyobb kockázat, kisebb-nagyobb növekedés, kisebb-nagyobb változás |
| Eric: “The risk, increase or change can vary from small to large, but we are not really sure about the outcome.” |
| Lena: Yeah, you can use kisebb-nagyobb in a variety of contexts like in presentations, formal dialogues, and even everyday discussions. |
| Eric: Lena, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Lena: Sure. For example, you can say, Kisebb-nagyobb növekedés várható a jövő évre. |
| Eric: .. which means “We expect more or less of an increase in the next year.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn some very common interjections in Hungarian. |
| Lena: Interjections are one of the best tools in a language to express emotions... |
| Eric: Apart from some interjections like “wow”, which is understood in most countries, they differ from one country to another. In this lesson you will learn some basic interjections for spontaneous exclamation, admiration, negative feelings and hesitation. Ok! Let’s start. |
| Lena: For spontaneous interjections we have...Jaj! Aú! and Huh! |
| Eric: Let’s look at their meanings. |
| Lena: Jaj! means “Oh dear!” |
| Eric: Could you please give us some sample sentences? |
| Lena: Jaj! Megijesztettél! |
| Eric: “Oh dear! You scared me!” |
| Lena: Jaj, de elfáradtam! |
| Eric: “Oh dear, I’m so tired!”. The next one is… |
| Lena: Aú! |
| Eric: “Ouch!” For example... |
| Lena: Aú! Megégettem a kezem! |
| Eric: “Ouch! I’ve burnt my hand!” |
| Lena: Aú! Beütöttem a térdem az asztalba! |
| Eric: “Ouch! I’ve knocked my knee on the table!” And the last interjection is... |
| Lena: Huh! |
| Eric: This is similar to “whew!” in English. |
| Lena: Huh! Végre vége! |
| Eric: “whew! It’s finally finished!” |
| Lena: Huh! Ezt megúsztuk! |
| Eric: “whew! That was a close shave!” The next group of interjections is for expressing admiration and positive feelings. In this group, we have the following interjections... |
| Lena: Ó! Nahát! and Hű! |
| Eric: Which all mean “Wow!” For example... |
| Lena: Nahát! De jól nézel ki! |
| Eric: “Wow! Look how pretty you are!” |
| Lena: Ó! Ezt nem is tudtam! |
| Eric: “Wow, I didn’t even know that.” The next interjection is… |
| Lena: Hurrá! |
| Eric: “Hooray!” Lena, can you give us sample sentences? |
| Lena: Sure. Hurrá! Itt a karácsony! |
| Eric: This means “Hooray! Christmas is here!” |
| Lena: Hurrá! Megcsináltuk! |
| Eric: “Hooray! We did it!” Okay, the next group of interjections is for expressing negative feelings. |
| Lena: You can use the interjections Nesze! or Na! There’s no English equivalent, so let’s take a look at the examples and see how these can be used. |
| Eric: For example, you can say... |
| Lena: Nesze, itt a pénzed! |
| Eric: “Here, take your money!” |
| Lena: Nesze, és most tünés! |
| Eric: “Take it and off you go!” |
| Lena: Na, most jössz vagy nem? |
| Eric: “So? Are you coming or not?” Another widely used interjection is.. |
| Lena: Ajaj! |
| Eric: “Oh no..!” |
| Lena: Ajaj! Ebből baj lesz! |
| Eric: “Oh no, you’ll be in trouble!” |
| Lena: Ajaj! Ez nem hangzik valami jól! |
| Eric: “Oh no, this doesn’t sound very good!” And the last group for this lesson is the group of interjections expressing hesitation. For example… |
| Lena: Hát...! |
| Eric: which means “Well…!” |
| Lena: Hát...Az az igazság… |
| Eric: “Well...The truth is…” |
| Lena: Hát...Azt hiszem, igen… |
| Eric: “Well...I guess so?” |
| Lena: You can also use Őő...! to say “Hmm…” or “Well…” For example, Őő...Nem tudom. |
| Eric: This means ...“Hmm...I don’t know.” Listeners, what we do know is that there are more interjections in the lesson notes, so please be sure to check them out! |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! |
| Lena: Viszontlátásra |
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