Learn how to form conditionals
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Simone: Hi everyone and welcome back to HungarianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, season 1, lesson 25, Are You Having Trouble Sleeping in Hungary? I’m Simone. |
| Csaba: And I’m Csaba. |
| Simone: In this last lesson of our series, we’re going to learn about Hungarian conditionals. |
| Csaba: The conversation takes place in Anne’s apartment complex. |
| Simone: Where Anne is talking to one of the maintenance people. |
| Csaba: They use formal language. |
| Simone: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Csaba: This is somewhat unrealistic. In Hungary, it is really hard to find these maintenance people anymore. |
| Simone: What do you mean? |
| Csaba: Well, many of them are really hard to schedule with, painting and plumbing and all these are busy jobs nowadays. A huge chunk of the blue-collar workforce is moving west, to Great Britain and Germany. |
| Simone: I’ve heard about that. I guess it is just understandable during the years of the financial crisis. |
| Csaba: Right. Their salaries are somewhat better now at home too, but it is nothing compared to Western Europe. |
| Simone: So once you manage to schedule a job, try to stick to it. |
| Csaba: Absolutely. |
| Simone: Absolutely. |
| Alright, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. The first word we shall see is? |
| Zavar. |
| Disturb, bother. |
| Zavar. |
| Zavar. |
| Next? |
| Muszáj. |
| Have to. |
| Must. |
| Muszáj. |
| Muszáj. |
| Next? |
| Fest. |
| Paint. |
| Fest. |
| Fest. |
| Next? |
| Hangos. |
| Loud. |
| Han-gos. |
| Hangos. |
| Next? |
| Gép. |
| Machine. |
| Gép. |
| Gép. |
| Next? |
| Vasárnap. |
| Sunday. |
| Va-sár-nap. |
| Vasárnap. |
| Next? |
| Ugye. |
| Right. |
| Ugye. |
| Ugye. |
| Next? |
| Hullafáradt. |
| Dead tired. |
| Hullafáradt. |
| Hullafáradt. |
| Last? |
| Fáradt. |
| Tired. |
| Fáradt. |
| Fáradt. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Simone: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Csaba: The first word is ugye. This word works the same way as the “right?” at the end of a sentence. |
| Simone: Let’s hear it in practice. |
| Csaba: Te is kérsz, ugye? |
| Simone: “You’d like some too, right?” |
| Csaba: Te is kérsz, ugye? |
| Simone: Is it always the end of the sentence? |
| Csaba: No, not at all. You know that in Hungarian word order is not as strict as in English. |
| Simone: Ok, let’s hear another example then. |
| Csaba: Ugye te is amerikai vagy? |
| Simone: “You’re American too, right?” |
| Csaba: Ugye te is amerikai vagy? |
| Simone: All right, let’s move on. |
| Csaba: The next word is muszáj. It means “have to, must.” |
| Simone: Let’s use it in a sentence. |
| Csaba: Holnap muszáj dolgoznom. |
| Simone: “I must work tomorrow.” |
| Csaba: Holnap muszáj dolgoznom. |
| Simone: If you negate it, you get “don’t have to” and not “mustn’t,” right? |
| Csaba: That is correct. Listen to this: Nem muszáj kifizetned. |
| Simone: “You don’t have to pay for it.” |
| Csaba: Nem muszáj kifizetned. Kifizetned is “for you to pay for it.” |
| Simone: All right. I’m getting dead tired of these explanations. |
| Csaba: Wonderful segue. |
| Simone: And that's the next word we’ll learn is “dead tired.” |
| Csaba: Hullafáradt. It is a compound noun, hulla is “corpse” and fáradt is “tired.” |
| Simone: Let’s put it in a sentence. |
| Csaba: Hullafáradt vagyok, nem aludtam. |
| Simone: “I’m dead tired, I didn’t sleep.” |
| Csaba: Hullafáradt vagyok, nem aludtam. |
| Simone: Me neither. Let’s go to the grammar, before we fall asleep! |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Simone: In this lesson we’re going to learn the conditional. |
| Csaba: We're going to start with a couple of ready-made sentences, then explain the grammar. |
| Simone: The first use is creating hypothetical situations. Like the English sentence: “I’d be glad if you dropped by.” |
| Csaba: Örülnék, ha beugranál. |
| Simone: Say it again, and please give extra emphasis to the conditional ending. |
| Csaba: Örülnék, ha beugranál. Both of these verbs are conditional. |
| Simone: All right, and what other situations do we use them in? |
| Csaba: The second use is polite requests. |
| Simone: For example: “Could you explain this again?” |
| Csaba: Elmagyarázná meg egyszer? |
| Simone: Again, please. |
| Csaba: Elmagyarázná meg egyszer? This sentence sounds formal. |
| Simone: So, hypothetical situations and polite requests. |
| Csaba: Also asking for permission: Használhatnám a telefonját? |
| Simone: “May I use your phone?” |
| Csaba: Használhatnám a telefonját? |
| Simone: Is there anything else? |
| Csaba: Yes, you also express your heart’s desires using this construction. In an early lesson we had Bárcsak ne esne! |
| Simone: “If only it wasn't raining!” One more time. |
| Csaba: Bárcsak ne esne! |
| Simone: All right, and how do we conjugate these? |
| Csaba: Basically, you want to get an infinitive from the dictionary. Take zavarni. |
| Simone: “To bother.” |
| Csaba: Than you cut off the -ni ending, so zavarni becomes zavar. |
| Simone: Then you look at the conjugation table, I guess. |
| Csaba: Yes, and attach the ending you need for the given person. For first person, the ending is -nék. |
| Simone: So “I’d bother” is... |
| Csaba: Zavarnék. What you have to keep in mind is that there is definite and indefinite conjugation here as well and the vowel harmony still applies. |
Outro |
|---|
| Simone: Okay, everyone, that's the last lesson in this series, but we'll see you in our next series. Thanks for listening. |
| Csaba: Sziasztok! |
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