Learn how to compare qualities with adjectives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Simone: Hi everyone, and welcome to HungarianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner, season 2, lesson 20, Don’t Try to Feed a Hungarian Peanut Butter! I’m Simone. |
| Csaba: Sziasztok, I’m Csaba. |
| Simone:In this lesson we’re going to learn to compare things using adjectives. |
| Csaba:The conversation takes place in a car. |
| Simone:It’s between Anne and Balázs. |
| Csaba:And they use informal language. |
| Simone:Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Simone:I sense some personal involvement in this whole peanut butter thing. |
| Csaba:Really?? Well, you’re right, actually. It is very far from Hungarian taste. When my English teacher made my class try it, we had to run to the bathroom to throw it up. |
| Simone:Eww, what? |
| Csaba:I’m serious. And it wasn’t just me, but a considerable percentage of my class. |
| Simone:Do you think it's really that bad? |
| Csaba:Well, my problem was that I expected something sweet, and I think the rest of the class did too. |
| Simone:Well, if you expect something sweet, then you might be in for a shock, I guess. |
| Csaba:Imagine that you're expecting something sweet and chocolatey, but then peanut butter hits your tongue for the first time in your life. |
| Simone:I can almost see it. |
| Csaba:The teacher never expected such a reaction. |
| Simone:Alright, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is, |
| Dicsekedik. |
| Bragg. |
| Next, |
| Benzin, gas. |
| Petrol. |
| Next, |
| Kivéve. |
| Except. |
| Next, |
| Tuti. |
| For sure. |
| Next, |
| Mogyoróvaj. |
| Peanut butter. |
| Next, |
| Gusztustalan. |
| Disgusting. |
| Next, |
| Valaha. |
| Ever. |
| And last, |
| Kóstolni. |
| Taste. |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Simone: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Csaba: The first phrase is Ne dicsekedj. It means “stop bragging.” Dicsekedj is the imperative form of “brag,” or dicsekedik. |
| Simone: Alright, that sounds easy enough. Is it formal or informal? |
| Csaba: Of course, it is informal. When do you ever tell your boss not to brag? |
| Simone: Good point. Let’s move on. |
| Csaba: Tuti is a slang-ish word which means “surely” or “for sure.” |
| Simone: Can you use it in a sentence? |
| Csaba: Tuti megyek este. |
| Simone: “I am going tonight, for sure.” |
| Csaba:Tuti megyek este. |
| Simone: Let’s hear one more, which is “it will be good for sure.” |
| Csaba: Tuti jó lesz. |
| Simone: “It’ll be good for sure.” The next word is going to be “except for.” |
| Csaba: Kivéve. |
| Simone: Let's use it in a sentence. “I like all beverages but coke.” |
| Csaba: A kólát kivéve minden üdítőt szeretek. |
| Simone: Alright. Let's go to grammar now. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Simone:In this lesson you're going to learn comparative and superlative adjectives. |
| Csaba:Right. First, we will learn to attach the comparative ending. Basically you grab an adjective that ends in a vowel and add double "b," or in Hungarian -bb. |
| Simone:Let’s see one. |
| Csaba:Olcsó. |
| Simone: This means “Cheap.” |
| Csaba:Olcsóbb. |
| Simone: and this means “Cheaper.” Use it in a sentence please. |
| Csaba:Az én telefonom olcsóbb. |
| Simone:“My phone is cheaper.” |
| Csaba: Az én telefonom olcsóbb. |
| Simone:What if the adjective doesn’t end in a vowel? |
| Csaba:Than you add -ebb or -abb, depending on the vowel setup. |
| Simone:Let’s hear an example. |
| Csaba:Öreg. |
| Simone:“Old.” |
| Csaba: Öregebb. |
| Simone:“Older.” Let’s hear another one, which gets the -abb ending. |
| Csaba: Magas. |
| Simone:“Tall.” |
| Csaba:Magasabb. |
| Simone:“Taller.” |
| Csaba:The usual vowel harmony rules apply here. You can go check out our lesson notes for more examples, but now we turn to superlatives. |
| Simone:All right, how do you say: “the oldest?” |
| Csaba:A legöregebb. You need the definite article, just like in English, and a prefix to the adjective, leg-. The adjective already had the comparative ending. |
| Simone: Ok. Let’s pick another adjective now. |
| Csaba:All right. Gyors. |
| Simone:“Fast.” |
| Csaba:Gyorsabb. |
| Simone:“Faster.” |
| Csaba:A leggyorsabb. |
| Simone:“The fastest.” |
| Csaba:Finally, we have to warn of two exceptions that in turn are very important. |
| Simone:The first one is “big.” |
| Csaba:Nagy. |
| Simone: and “Bigger.” |
| Csaba:Nagyobb. This one gets -obb as an ending. |
| Simone:Well, why not? |
| Csaba:(laughs) And the other exception is kicsi. |
| Simone:Which means “small.” |
| Csaba:The comparative form of that one is kisebb. Now, when you want to compare two things, you very often use this formula: the comparative adjective plus the word mint or “than.” |
| Simone:Let’s give the listeners an example. |
| Csaba:Péter magasabb, mint Tamás. |
| Simone:“Peter is taller than Thomas.” |
| Csaba:Péter magasabb, mint Tamás. |
| Simone: Ok, one last one for the road. |
| Csaba:A kutya nagyobb, mint a macska. |
| Simone:“Dogs are bigger than cats.” |
| Csaba:A kutya nagyobb, mint a macska. |
Outro |
|---|
| Simone: OK, that's it for this lesson. Make sure you check the lesson notes and we'll see you next time. |
| Csaba: Sziasztok. |
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