Do you want to learn about Hungarian adverbs and adverbial phrases, but you don’t even know how to say “adverb” in Hungarian? (It’s határozószó.) You’ve come to the right place, because we have the solution.
The HungarianPod101.com team has composed a list of adverbs in Hungarian for you to make sure that studying the basics is super-easy. Hungarian is a challenging language, but with a solid base, you’ll get the hang of using Hungarian adverbs in no time.
The purpose of this article is to introduce you to the basic Hungarian adverbs. These are the adverbs of time, place, manner, and frequency. Because we took the time to make this list in the first place, you might have guessed that adverbs play a crucial role in every language—and on a lower level, in every sentence that uses them. They’re essential in acquiring the details of a situation as they give a vivid description of certain actions and how they happened.
Hungarian often plays with different suffixes attached to the same stem, which emphasizes what the speaker actually means. For example, kertben and kertből (both technically meaning “garden”) carry different meanings, although only the suffix attached to the word changed. The suffix you find attached to a word can vary depending on the sounds of the word, while still carrying the same meaning.
English, on the other hand, is much easier as it often uses separate words to indicate the circumstances of an action. For example, in the case of “in the garden” and “from the garden,” “the garden” did not change in either of the cases.
It might seem scary and complicated at first, but if you bear with us, you’ll be an expert of Hungarian adverbs by the end of this article. Let’s begin!
Table of Contents
- What is an Adverb?
- Hungarian Adverbs of Time
- Hungarian Adverbs of Frequency
- Hungarian Adverbs of Place
- Hungarian Adverbs of Manner
- Hungarian Adverbs of Degree
- Placement of Adverbs in a Sentence
- Conclusion: How HungarianPod101.com Helps You Master Your Hungarian
1. What is an Adverb?
Adverbs are crucial when we want to give details about certain situations.
An adverb is a word that modifies, changes, or qualifies multiple kinds of words. These can include verbs, adjectives, clauses, other adverbs, or really, any other kind of word or phrase. The only real exceptions are adjectives and determiners that modify nouns.
By default, adverbs give details about how, when, where, in what manner, or to what extent, something happens.
In the case of Hungarian adverbs, there’s no one way or ending that’s specific to adverbs as a whole. This is because every type of adverb has different possible endings, which we’ll elaborate more on later in each section of this article.
2. Hungarian Adverbs of Time
Adverbs of time in Hungarian are numerous. There are also a lot of variants, so there’s no one way to form them.
However, one way to recognize them is by watching the suffixes of the words. Some words that end with one of the following suffixes have a great chance of being a Hungarian adverb of time, but beware. Many of the suffixes can be applied to adverbs of place as well.
- -ban
- -ben
- -an
- -en
- -án
- -ra
- -re
- -hoz
- -hez
- -höz
- -tól
- -től
- -a
- -ig
However, you have to pay close attention because there are words that appear to be adverbs, but actually belong to a different word class.
1- Today (Ma)
“I read an article today.”
Ma elolvastam egy cikket.
2- Yesterday (Tegnap)
“I went to school yesterday.”
Tegnap iskolába mentem.
3- The day before yesterday (Tegnapelőtt)
“She met the love of her life the day before yesterday.”
Tegnapelőtt találkozott élete szerelmével.
4 -Tomorrow (Holnap)
“I will be home tomorrow.”
Holnap otthon leszek.
5- The day after tomorrow (Holnapután)
6- Last year (Tavaly)
“She traveled to Mexico last year.”
Tavaly Mexikóba utazott.
7- The year before last year (Tavalyelőtt)
8- This year (Idén)
“He turns twenty this year.”
Idén húsz éves.
9- Next year (Jövőre)
“I will host the Christmas party next year.”
Jövőre én tartom a karácsonyi bulit.
10- Then (Akkor)
“He was very angry at them back then.”
Akkor nagyon mérges volt rájuk.
11- Soon (Hamarosan)
“They will arrive soon.”
Hamarosan megérkeznek.
12- Later (Később)
“We will talk later.”
Később beszélünk.
13- Late (Későn)
“You handed in your homework late.”
Későn adtad be a házi feladatodat.
14- Before (Előtt)
“He threw up before the party already.”
Már a buli előtt hányt.
15- After (Után)
“They kissed after their first date.”
Az első randijuk után csókolóztak.
16- Now (Most)
“She can’t talk now.”
Most nem tud beszélni.
17- Suddenly (Hirtelen)
“He hit the break suddenly.”
Hirtelen lefékezett.
18- During (Közben)
“There was silence during her speech.”
Csend volt a beszéde közben.
19- Right away (Tüstént)
“Clean that up right away!”
Tüstént takarítsd azt fel!
20- A long time ago (Régen)
“We met a long time ago.”
Régen találkoztunk.
21- Too soon (Túl hamar)
“You two woke up too soon.”
Ti ketten túl hamar keltetek fel.
22- In the afternoon (Délután)
“Let’s meet at the bus stop in the afternoon.”
Találkozzunk délután a buszmegállóban!
23- Before noon (Délelőtt)
“Breakfast is to be eaten before noon.”
Reggelizni délelőtt szokás.
24- Currently (Jelenleg)
“I am not currently in a relationship.”
Jelenleg nem vagyok párkapcsolatban.
25- Anytime (Bármikor)
“You can call me anytime, I’ll listen.”
Bármikor felhívhatsz, meghallgatlak.
3. Hungarian Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs of frequency are still considered time adverbs in Hungarian, but we thought it would be easier for you to learn the adverbs of time in Hungarian if they were logically separated.
1- Never (Soha)
“You never listen to me.”
Soha nem figyelsz rám.
2- Always (Mindig)
“You are always late.”
Mindig elkésel.
3- Rarely (Ritkán)
“They rarely meet.”
Ritkán találkoznak.
4- Seldom (Ritkán)
“He seldom thinks about us.”
Ritkán gondol ránk.
5- Often (Gyakran)
“She swims often.”
Gyakran úszik.
6- Usually (Általában)
“We usually go dancing on weekends.”
Általában táncolni megyünk a hétvégéken.
7- All the time (Állandóan)
“He talks all the time.”
Állandóan beszél.
8- Hardly ever (Szinte soha)
“We hardly ever speak.”
Szinte soha nem beszélünk.
9- From time to time (Időről időre)
“You could clean your room from time to time.”
Kitakaríthatnád a szobádat időről időre.
10- Every now and then (Időnként)
“I bake cookies every now and then.”
Időnként sütiket sütök.
4. Hungarian Adverbs of Place
Most adverbs of place in Hungarian end with one of the following suffixes:
- -ból
- -ből
- -ról
- -ről
- -on
- -en
- -ön
- -ban
- -ben
- -ba
- -be
- -ra
- -re
- -hoz
- -hez
- -höz
- -ig
Adverbs of place are used when one wants to give details about where an action took place. Here are the most important of these adverbs in Hungarian.
1- Here (Itt)
“The animal shelter is here.”
Itt van az állatmenhely.
2- There (Ott)
“The park is there.”
Ott van a park.
3- From afar (Messziről)
“He caught her eye from afar.”
Messziről elkapta a tekintetét.
4- Far away (Távol)
“The lake is far away from the camp.”
A tábortól távol van a tó.
5- Opposite (Szemben)
“There is a cute shop opposite the school.”
Az iskolával szemben van egy aranyos bolt.
6- This way (Erre)
“The restaurant is this way.”
Erre van az étterem.
7- That way (Arra)
“Go that way.”
Menj arra!
8- Around (Körül)
“Around houses, there are fences.”
A házak körül kerítés van.
9- Everywhere (Mindenhol)
“There are trees everywhere.”
Mindenhol fák vannak.
10- Nowhere (Sehol)
11- Somewhere (Néhol)
12- Inside (Bent)
“It is warm inside.”
Bent meleg van.
13- Outside (Kint)
“Why don’t you kids play outside?”
Miért nem kint játszotok, gyerekek?
14- Above (Fentebb)
“The reference can be found above.”
A hivatkozás fentebb található.
15- Down (Lentebb)
“One story below, the kids are being noisy.”
Egy emelettel lentebb hangoskodnak a gyerekek.
16- From above (Fentről)
“She is watching us from above.”
Fentről néz le ránk.
17- Upstairs (Fent)
“I left my glasses upstairs.”
Fent hagytam a szemüvegemet.
18- Downstairs (Lent)
19- Home (Itthon / Otthon)
“After six o’clock, we are at home.”
Hat óra után otthon vagyunk.
20- From here (Innen)
“He is from here, too.”
Ő is innen származik.
21- From there (Onnan)
“The storm is coming from there.”
A vihar onnan jön.
22- From the side (Oldalról)
“He approached the dog from the side.”
Oldalról közelítette meg a kutyát.
23- From nearby (Közelről)
24- To the front (Előre)
“Go to the front.”
Menj előre!
25- To the back (Hátra)
Is your language able to express place with adverbs consisting of just one word?
5. Hungarian Adverbs of Manner
Adverbs of manner in Hungarian are usually formed using the endings:
- -an
- -en
- -n
- -ul
- -ül
- -l
You can see these patterns in the following list.
1- Slowly (Lassan)
“She walks slowly.”
Lassan sétál.
2- Quickly (Gyorsan)
“We need to decide quickly.”
Gyorsan kell döntenünk.
3- Carefully (Óvatosan)
“Put the bag down carefully.”
Óvatosan tedd le a táskát!
4- Dangerously (Veszélyesen)
“She likes to live dangerously.”
Szeret veszélyesen élni.
5- Quietly (Halkan)
“The girls are talking quietly in the corridor.”
A lányok halkan beszélnek a folyosón.
6- Silently (Csendesen)
7- Loudly (Hangosan)
“The kids play loudly outside.”
Kint hangosan játszanak a gyerekek.
8- Happily (Boldogan)
“I would happily marry you.”
Boldogan hozzád mennék.
9- Sadly (Szomorúan)
“He was staring into the void sadly.”
Szomorúan bámult a semmibe.
10- Easily (Könnyen)
Könnyen tanulsz.
11- With difficulty (Nehezen)
“She managed to get an ‘A’ with difficulty.”
Nehezen sikerült ötöst szereznie.
12- Really (Igazán)
“You really could have told me this.”
Ezt igazán elmondhattad volna.
13- Freely (Szabadon)
“You can speak freely here.”
Itt szabadon beszélhetsz.
14- Simply (Egyszerűen)
15- Stupidly (Hülyén)
“You dressed stupidly.”
Hülyén öltöztél fel.
16- Falsely (Tévesen)
“She was falsely accused.”
Tévesen vádolták meg.
17- Wonderfully (Mesésen)
“He played the role wonderfully.”
Mesésen játszotta el a szerepet.
18- Practicably (Praktikusan)
19- Sleepily (Álmosan)
“She came out of her room sleepily.”
Álmosan jött ki a szobájából.
20- Gladly (Örömmel)
“I would gladly go with you to the prom.”
Örömmel mennék veled a bálra.
21- Cleverly (Ügyesen)
“We solved the problem cleverly.”
Ügyesen oldottuk meg a problémát.
22- Smartly (Okosan)
23- Angrily (Mérgesen)
“He threw away his book angrily.”
Mérgesen dobta el a könyvét.
24- Wrongly (Rosszul)
25- Well (Jól’)
6. Hungarian Adverbs of Degree
Adverbs of degree in Hungarian express the strength, level, or quantity of something.
1- Very (Nagyon)
“The park is very nice.”
A park nagyon szép.
2- Rather (Inkább)
“She’d rather travel in summer.”
Inkább nyáron utazna.
3- Entirely (Egészen)
“The house was burnt entirely.”
A ház egészen leégett.
4- Enough (Elég / Eléggé)
“You are fast enough.”
Elég gyors vagy.
5- So – ([Oly]annyira)
“Your support is so important.”
A támogatásod annyira fontos.
6- [Way] too (Túl[ságosan])
“You are walking (way) too slowly.”
Túl(ságosan) lassan sétálsz.
7- Pretty (Kellően)
“This was pretty awkward.”
Ez kellően kínos volt.
8- Extremely (Rendkívül)
“The water was extremely cold.”
Rendkívül hideg volt a víz.
9- Barely (Alig)
“You barely looked at me.”
Alig néztél rám.
10- Just (Épp / Éppen / Épphogy)
“He was just leaving.”
Épp távozni készült.
11- Utterly (Teljesen)
“It is utterly impossible to get in that way.”
Arra teljesen lehetetlen bejutni.
12- Fully (Egészen)
“Close the door fully, please.”
Kérlek, egészen csukd be az ajtót!
13- Greatly (Nagymértékben)
“Our income has greatly decreased.”
Nagymértékben csökkent a bevételünk.
14- Awfully (Borzasztó[an])
“This hotel is awfully expensive.”
Ez a hotel borzasztó(an) drága!
15- Almost (Majdnem)
“She has almost finished writing.”
Már majdnem befejezte az írást.
7. Placement of Adverbs in a Sentence
There’s not a set word order in Hungarian. The construction of sentences is based on these three rules:
1. Priority of word: The important words, the ones you want to emphasize, are at the beginning of a sentence.
For example:
- “The trees are in the woods.” (A fák az erdőben vannak.)
This means that the trees are in the forest and nowhere else.
- “There are trees in the woods.” (Az erdőben fák vannak.)
This means that there are trees in the forest, generally.
2. Priority of negation: Negating words are always at the beginning.
For example:
- “I am not going to eat the apple.” (Nem eszem meg az almát.)
- “Do not go away.” (Ne menj el!)
3. Focus of the sentence: The focus of the sentence is usually the word before the verb.
You can see the final rule in action in the sections and example sentences above. Most of the time, the adverbs are before the verbs, which makes sense since the aim of adverbs is to give details about the actions that take place.
8. Conclusion: How HungarianPod101.com Helps You Master Your Hungarian
Now that you know the basic types of adverbs in Hungarian, you’re one step closer to composing a sentence with details about a certain situation. It’s important to keep practicing, as the great variety of suffixes might confuse a beginner. However, after just a few exercises and paying close attention to the sounds in a word, you’ll soon be able to attach the appropriate suffixes to Hungarian adverbs.
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